Condensed cyclic compound and organic light-emitting device including the same

ABSTRACT

Provided are a condensed cyclic compound represented by the following formulas and an organic light-emitting device including the same. The organic lightemitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, where the organic layer may include an emission layer and at least one of the condensed cyclic compound described above.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No.10-2017-0142566, filed on Oct. 30, 2017, in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in itsentirety by reference.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

One or more embodiments relate to a condensed cyclic compound and anorganic light-emitting device including the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices are self-emission devices that producefull-color images. Organic light-emitting devices also offer wideviewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, andexcellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, andresponse speed, compared to other devices in the art.

An example of such organic light-emitting devices may include a firstelectrode disposed on a substrate, and a hole transport region, anemission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode,which are sequentially disposed on the first electrode. Holes providedfrom the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through thehole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrodemay move toward the emission layer through the electron transportregion. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emissionlayer to produce excitons. These excitons transit from an excited stateto a ground state, thereby generating light.

SUMMARY

Aspects of the present disclosure provide a condensed cyclic compoundand an organic light-emitting device including the same.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may belearned by practice of the presented embodiments.

An aspect provides a condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1below:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1).  <Formula 2>

In Formulae 1 and 2,

A₁ may be selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a pyridinegroup, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, atriazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, anaphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, and acinnoline group,

X₁ may be O or S,

L₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclicgroup, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′*—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, and *—S(═O)₂—*′,

a1 may be an integer from 0 to 5, wherein, when a1 is zero, -(L₁)_(a1)-may be a single bond, and when a1 is two or more, two or more L₁(s) maybe identical to or different from each other,

Ar₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂),—C(═O)(Q₁), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂),

b1 may be an integer from 1 to 10, wherein, when b1 is two or more, twoor more Ar₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

R₁ and R₂ may each independently be selected from a group represented byFormula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁),—N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁),—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂),

at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1 and R₂(s) in the number of c2may be a group represented by Formula 2,

c1 may be an integer from 1 to 6, wherein, when c1 is two or more, twoor more R₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

c2 may be an integer from 1 to 4, wherein, when c2 is two or more, twoor more R₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

at least one substituent of the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group,the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, thesubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), and —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),—N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), and—P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); and

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),

Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independentlybe selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group, and

* and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

Another aspect provides an organic light-emitting device including: afirst electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and anorganic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer and at least one ofthe condensed cyclic compound.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readilyappreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic views of an organic light-emitting deviceaccording to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic views of an organic light-emitting deviceaccording to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic views of an organic light-emitting deviceaccording to an embodiment; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic views of an organic light-emitting deviceaccording to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure will now be described more fully with referenceto exemplary embodiments. The disclosure may, however, be embodied inmany different forms and should not be construed as being limited to theembodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided sothat this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fullyconvey the concept of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.Advantages, features, and how to achieve them of the present inventionwill become apparent by reference to the embodiment that will bedescribed later in detail, together with the accompanying drawings. Thisinvention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and shouldnot be limited to the exemplary embodiments.

Hereinafter, embodiments are described in detail by referring to theattached drawings, and in the drawings, like reference numerals denotelike elements, and a redundant explanation thereof will not be providedherein.

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an”, and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise.

It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or“comprising” may be used herein to specify the presence of statedfeatures or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition ofone or more other features or components.

It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component isreferred to as being “on” or placed “onto” another layer, region, orcomponent, it may be directly or indirectly formed on the other layer,region, or component. That is, for example, intervening layers, regions,or components may be present.

Sizes of components in the drawings may be exaggerated for convenienceof explanation. In other words, since sizes and thicknesses ofcomponents in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated for convenienceof explanation, the following embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

A condensed cyclic compound according to an embodiment may berepresented by Formula 1 below:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1).  <Formula 2>

In Formula 1, A₁ may be selected from a benzene group, a naphthalenegroup, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, apyridazine group, a triazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinolinegroup, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group,and a cinnoline group.

For example, in Formula 1, A₁ may be a benzene group or a naphthalenegroup, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

In Formula 1, X₁ may be O or S.

For example, in Formula 1, X₁ may be O, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

In Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═S)₂—*′ *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, and *—S(═O)₂—*′, and

Q₁ may be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

In one embodiment, in Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from:

a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalenegroup, an azulene group, a heptalene group, an indacene group, anacenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphenylene group, ahexacene group, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, apyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazinegroup, an iso-indole group, an indole group, an indazole group, a purinegroup, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group,a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a carbazole group, aphenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, aphenazine group, a benzoxazole group, a benzimidazole group, a furangroup, a benzofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, athiazole group, an isothiazole group, a benzothiazole group, anisoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group,an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a benzoxazole group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group,and a dibenzocarbazole group;

a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalenegroup, an azulene group, a heptalene group, an indacene group, anacenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthlene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphenylene group, ahexacene group, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, apyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazinegroup, an iso-indole group, an indole group, an indazole group, a purinegroup, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group,a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a carbazole group, aphenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, aphenazine group, a benzoxazole group, a benzimidazole group, a furangroup, a benzofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, athiazole group, an isothiazole group, a benzothiazole group, anisoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group,an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a benzoxazole group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group,and a dibenzocarbazole group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aC₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃);and

*—P(═O)(Q₁)*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′,and *—S(═O)₂*′, and

Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, in Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from:

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a fluorenegroup, a dibenzofuran group, a carbazole group, a benzimidazole group,an imidazopyridine group, and a triazine group;

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a fluorenegroup, a dibenzofuran group, a carbazole group, a benzimidazole group,an imidazopyridine group, and a triazine group, each substituted with atleast one selected from —F, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a pyridinylgroup; and

*—P(═O)(Q₁)*′, *—P(═O)₂*′ *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂*′, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′,and *—S(═O)₂*′, and

Q₁ may be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aC₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

In one embodiment, in Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from:

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a carbazolegroup, and a triazine group;

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a carbazolegroup, and a triazine group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom —F, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and

*—P(═O)(Q₁)*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′,and *—S(═O)₂*′, and

Q₁ may be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aC₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-48, *—P(═O)(Q₁)*′, *—P(═O)₂*′,*—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′ *—S(═O)(Q₁)*′, and *—S(═O)₂*′, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 3-1 to 3-48,

Y₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), or Si(Z₆)(Z₇),

Z₁ to Z₇ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q31)(Q32)(Q33),

d2 may be an integer from 0 to 2, wherein, when d2 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

d3 may be an integer from 0 to 3, wherein, when d3 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

d4 may be an integer from 0 to 4, wherein, when d4 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

d5 may be an integer from 0 to 5, wherein, when d5 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

d6 may be an integer from 0 to 6, wherein, when d6 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

d8 may be an integer from 0 to 8, wherein, when d8 is two or more, twoor more Z₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, aphenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, and

* and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

For example, L₁ in Formula 2 may be selected from groups represented byFormulae 3-1 to 3-6, 3-8, 3-24, 3-31, 3-38, and 3-39, but embodiments ofthe present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, L₁ in Formula 2 may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-20, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 4-1 to 4-20,

Ph indicates a phenyl group, and

* and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

a1 in Formula 2 may be an integer from 0 to 5. a1 indicates the numberof L₁(s), wherein, when a1 is two or more, two or more L₁(s) may beidentical to or different from each other. When a1 is zero, -(L₁)_(a1)-may be a single bond.

In one embodiment, a1 in Formula 2 may be 0, 1, 2, or 3, but embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In Formula 2, Ar₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and—S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂), and

Q₁ to Q₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

In one embodiment, in Formula 2, Ar₁ may be selected from:

a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalenegroup, an azulene group, a heptalene group, an indacene group, anacenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphenylene group, ahexacene group, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, apyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazinegroup, an iso-indole group, an indole group, an indazole group, a purinegroup, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group,a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a carbazole group, aphenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, aphenazine group, a benzoxazole group, a benzimidazole group, a furangroup, a benzofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, athiazole group, an isothiazole group, a benzothiazole group, anisoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group,an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a benzoxazole group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group,and a dibenzocarbazole group;

a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalenegroup, an azulene group, a heptalene group, an indacene group, anacenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthlene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphenylene group, ahexacene group, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, apyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazinegroup, an iso-indole group, an indole group, an indazole group, a purinegroup, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group,a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a carbazole group, aphenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, aphenazine group, a benzoxazole group, a benzimidazole group, a furangroup, a benzofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, athiazole group, an isothiazole group, a benzothiazole group, anisoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group,an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a benzoxazole group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group,and a dibenzocarbazole group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aC₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), andP(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁), and

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 2, Ar₁ may be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-36, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁),—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁), but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 5-1 to 5-36,

Y₃₁ may be O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), or Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₉ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group,a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), andP(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),

Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, aphenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group,

e2 may be an integer from 0 to 2, wherein, when e2 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₃₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e3 may be an integer from 0 to 3, wherein, when e3 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, two ormore Z₃₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and two ormore Z₃₈(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e4 may be an integer from 0 to 4, wherein, when e4 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, two ormore Z₃₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and two ormore Z₃₉(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e5 may be an integer from 0 to 5, wherein, when e5 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₃₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e6 may be an integer from 0 to 6, wherein, when e6 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₃₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e7 may be an integer from 0 to 7, wherein, when e7 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

e9 may be an integer from 0 to 9, wherein, when e9 is two or more, twoor more Z₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other, and

* indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

For example, Y₃₁(s) in Formulae 5-13 to 5-16 may be O, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), orN(Z₃₅), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

In one embodiment, Y₃₁ in Formula 5-36 may be O, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

In one or more embodiments, Ar₁ in Formula 2 may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-93, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto:

In Formulae 6-1 to 6-93,

Ph indicates a phenyl group,

Q₁ to Q₃ each indicate a phenyl group, and

* indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In one embodiment, in Formula 2, L₁ may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-20, Ar₁ may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-93, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and Q₁ to Q₃ may each be a phenyl group, but embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

b1 in Formula 2 may be an integer from 1 to 10. b1 indicates the numberof Ar₁(s), wherein, when b1 is two or more, two or more Ar₁(s) may beidentical to or different from each other.

R₁ and R₂ in Formula 1 may each independently be selected from a grouprepresented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂),—C(═O)(Q₁), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂), and

at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1 and R₂(s) in the number of c2may be a group represented by Formula 2.

In one embodiment, R₁ and R₂ in Formula 1 may each independently beselected from a group represented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group,a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, and a dibenzocarbazolyl group, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, R₁ and R₂ in Formula 1 may each independently beselected from a group represented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethylgroup, a propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, anisobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a ter-butyl group, a pentyl group, aniso-amyl group, a hexyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, anaphthyl group, and a pyridinyl group, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1, c1 may be an integer from 1 to 6, and c2 may be an integerfrom 1 to 4.

c1 indicates the number of R₁(s), wherein, when c1 is two or more, twoor more R₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other. c2indicates the number of R₂(s), wherein, when c2 is two or more, two ormore R₂(s) may be identical to or different from each other.

In one embodiment, in Formula 1, at least one of R₁(s) in the number ofc1 may be a group represented by Formula 2;

at least one of R₂(s) in the number of c2 may be a group represented byFormula 2; or

at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1 and at least one of R₂(s) inthe number of c2 may be a group represented by Formula 2, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula1 may be represented by one of Formulae 1-1 to 1-4, but embodiments ofthe present disclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 1-1 to 1-4,

X₁ may be defined the same as that of Formula 1,

R₁₁ to R₁₆ may be defined the same as R₁ of Formula 1,

R₂₁ to R₂₄ may be defined the same as R₂ of Formula 1,

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₄ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formula 1-1 may be a grouprepresented by Formula 2, and

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₆ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may bea group represented by Formula 2.

In one embodiment, the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula1 may be represented by Formula 1-1 or 1-2, but embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₄ in Formula 1-1 may be agroup represented by Formula 2; or

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₆ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may be a grouprepresented by Formula 2, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, at least one of R₁₁ and R₁₃ in Formula 1-1may be a group represented by Formula 2; or

at least one of R₁₁ and R₁₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may be a grouprepresented by Formula 2, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments,

i) R₁₃ in Formula 1-1 may be a group represented by Formula 2,

ii) R₁₁ and R₁₃ in Formula 1-1 may each be a group represented byFormula 2,

iii) R₁₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may be a group represented by Formula 2,or

iv) R₁₁ and R₁₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may be a group represented byFormula 2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

In one embodiment,

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₄ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formula 1-1 may be a grouprepresented by Formula 2, and at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₆ and R₂₁ to R₂₄in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may be a group represented by Formula 2,

L₁ may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-20, and

Ar₁ may be selected from a group represented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-93,—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto. Q₁ to Q₃ may each be a phenyl group.

In one or more embodiments,

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₄ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formula 1-1 may be a grouprepresented by Formula 2,

at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₆ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 may bea group represented by Formula 2, and

the others of R₁₁ to R₁₆ and R₂₁ to R₂₄ may each independently beselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, aniso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butylgroup, a ter-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, a hexylgroup, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, and apyridinyl group, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto.

In one embodiment, the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula1 may be selected from Compounds 1 to 66, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1, a hetero ringincluding an oxygen or sulfur atom may be condensed in a quinoxalinering. As a result, an electronegative nitrogen atom may be substitutedto lower a pi electron density of a molecule, resulting in a structurein which electrons are insufficient. Thus, it may be advantageous forelectron transport. Also, the condensed cyclic compound may have a rigidplate-shaped molecular structure, and thus may be advantageous formolecular stacking. Therefore, as the film density of the film includingthe condensed cyclic compound may increase, the film may have a highcharge mobility. Further, the condensed cyclic compound may include theoxygen family (chalcogen), thereby increasing intermolecular attraction.As a result, the film density of the film including the condensed cycliccompound may increase, and the charge transportability of the film mayfurther increase.

In general, a molecule having a linear rod shape is known as a moleculehaving a high charge mobility due to an increase in stacking in a bulkfilm structure. Since at least one substituent represented by Formula 2may be substituted for a specific core represented by Formula 1, notonly the core structure represented by Formula 1 but also the wholemolecules may have a rod shape, thereby increasing molecular stacking.Thus, the electron mobility may increase. Also, when the core issubstituted with an electron transport substituent such as triazine, theelectron transport characteristics of the condensed cyclic compound mayfurther increase.

Therefore, an electronic device, for example, an organic light-emittingdevice, which includes the condensed cyclic compound, may have a lowdriving voltage, high efficiency, and a long lifespan.

Synthesis methods for the condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1 would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art byreferring to the following examples.

At least one condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may beused or included between a pair of electrodes constituting an organiclight-emitting device. For example, the condensed cyclic compound may beincluded in at least one layer selected from a hole transport region, anelectron transport region, and an emission layer. In one or moreembodiments, the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 may be used as amaterial for a capping layer located outside a pair of electrodes of anorganic light-emitting device.

Accordingly, provided is an organic light-emitting device including: afirst electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and anorganic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, theorganic layer including an emission layer, wherein the organic layerincludes at least one condensed cyclic compound.

The expression “(an organic layer) includes at least one condensedcyclic compound” used herein may include a case in which “(an organiclayer) includes identical compounds represented by Formula 1” and a casein which “(an organic layer) includes two or more different condensedcyclic compounds.”

For example, the organic layer may include, as the condensed cycliccompound, only Compound 1. In this regard, Compound 1 may exist in anemission layer of the organic light-emitting device. In one or moreembodiments, the organic layer may include, as the condensed cycliccompound, Compound 1 and Compound 2. In this regard, Compound 1 andCompound 2 may exist in an identical layer (for example, Compound 1 andCompound 2 may all exist in an emission layer), or different layers (forexample, Compound 1 may exist in an emission layer and Compound 2 mayexist in an electron transport layer).

In one embodiment, the first electrode is an anode, and the secondelectrode is a cathode, and the organic layer further includes a holetransport region between the first electrode and the emission layer andan electron transport region between the emission layer and the secondelectrode, and the hole transport region includes a hole injectionlayer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electronblocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transportregion includes an emission auxiliary layer, a hole blocking layer, anelectron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electroninjection layer, or any combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the electron transport region may include thecondensed cyclic compound.

In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include anelectron transport layer and an electron injection layer, and at leastone of the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer mayinclude the condensed cyclic compound.

For example, the electron transport region may include an electrontransport layer, wherein the electron transport layer includes thecondensed cyclic compound.

In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include ametal-containing material, and the metal-containing material may be a Licomplex.

In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include the condensedcyclic compound.

For example, the emission layer may further include a dopant, an amountof the condensed cyclic compound in the emission layer may be greaterthan that of the dopant, and the dopant may be a phosphorescent dopantor a fluorescent dopant.

The organic light-emitting device may further include at least oneselected from a first capping layer disposed in a pathway along whichlight generated in an emission layer proceeds toward the outside throughthe first electrode and a second capping layer disposed in a pathwayalong which light generated in an emission layer proceeds toward theoutside through the second electrode, and the at least one selected fromthe first capping layer and the second capping layer may include atleast one condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

For example, the organic light-emitting device may have i) a stackedstructure including a first electrode, an organic layer, a secondelectrode, and a second capping layer which are sequentially stacked inthis stated order, ii) a stacked structure including a first cappinglayer, a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode whichare sequentially stacked in this stated order, or iii) a stackedstructure including a first capping layer, a first electrode, an organiclayer, a second electrode, and a second capping layer which aresequentially stacked in this stated order, and at least one selectedfrom the first capping layer and the second capping layer may includethe condensed cyclic compound.

The term “organic layer” used herein refers to a single layer and/or aplurality of layers disposed between the first electrode and the secondelectrode of the organic light-emitting device. A material included inthe “organic layer” is not limited to an organic material.

[Description of FIG. 1]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device 10according to an embodiment. The organic light-emitting device 10includes a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a secondelectrode 190.

Hereinafter, the structure of the organic light-emitting device 10according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the organiclight-emitting device 10 will be described in connection with FIG. 1.

[First Electrode 110]

In FIG. 1, a substrate may be additionally disposed under the firstelectrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. The substrate may be aglass substrate or a plastic substrate, each having excellent mechanicalstrength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease ofhandling, and water resistance.

The first electrode 110 may be formed by depositing or sputtering amaterial for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When thefirst electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming a firstelectrode may be selected from materials with a high work function tofacilitate hole injection.

The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, asemi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the firstelectrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, a material for forming afirst electrode may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zincoxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combinationsthereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto. When the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrodeor a reflective electrode, as a material for forming the first electrode110, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium(Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver(Mg—Ag), or any combination thereof may be used. However, the materialfor forming the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

The first electrode 110 may have a single-layered structure, or amulti-layered structure including two or more layers. For example, thefirst electrode 110 may have a three-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO,but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

[Organic Layer 150]

The organic layer 150 is disposed on the first electrode 110. Theorganic layer 150 may include an emission layer.

The organic layer 150 may further include a hole transport regionbetween the first electrode 110 and the emission layer, and an electrontransport region between the emission layer and the second electrode190.

[Hole Transport Region in Organic Layer 150]

The hole transport region may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from ahole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliarylayer, and an electron blocking layer.

For example, the hole transport region may have a single-layeredstructure including a single layer including a plurality of differentmaterials, or a multi-layered structure having a hole injectionlayer/hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer/holetransport layer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injectionlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transportlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer/holetransport layer/electron blocking layer structure, wherein for eachstructure, constituting layers are sequentially stacked from the firstelectrode 110 in this stated order, but the structure of the holetransport region is not limited thereto.

The hole transport region may include at least one selected fromm-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB,methylated-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine(TCTA), polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA), PEDOT/PSS(poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate)),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA),polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound representedby Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202:

In Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₄ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

L₂₀₅ may be selected from *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—N(Q₂₀₁)-*′, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₂₀ alkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

xa5 may be an integer from 1 to 10, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independently be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

For example, in Formula 202, R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may optionally be linked viaa single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylenegroup, and R₂₀₃ and R₂₀₄ may optionally be linked via a single bond, adimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylene group.

In one or more embodiments, regarding Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may each independently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and apyridinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and apyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, xa1 to xa4 may each independently be 0, 1,or 2.

In one or more embodiments, xa5 may be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In one or more embodiments, R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independentlybe selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, anisoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, anisoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃) and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are the same as described above.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, at least one of R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₃may each independently be selected from:

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a phenyl group substituted with —F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, i) R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may belinked via a single bond and/or ii) R₂₀₃ and R₂₀₄ may be linked via asingle bond.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, at least one of R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄may be selected from:

a carbazolyl group; and

a carbazolyl group substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may berepresented by Formula 201A(1) below, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may berepresented by Formula 201A-1 below, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may berepresented by Formula 202A:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may berepresented by Formula 202A-1:

In Formulae 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 to xa3, xa5, and R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄ are the same asdescribed above,

R₂₁₁ and R₂₁₂ may be understood by referring to the description providedherein in connection with R₂₀₃, and

R²¹³ to R²¹⁷ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group.

The hole transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds HT1 to HT39, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto:

A thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about 100Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. When thehole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layerand a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layermay be in a range of about 100 Å to about 9,000 Å, and for example,about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and the thickness of the hole transportlayer may be in a range of about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, and for example,about 100 Å to about 1,500 Å. When the thicknesses of the hole transportregion, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer arewithin these ranges, satisfactory hole transporting characteristics maybe obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The emission auxiliary layer may increase light-emission efficiency bycompensating for an optical resonance distance according to thewavelength of light emitted by an emission layer, and the electronblocking layer may block the flow of electrons from an electrontransport region. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blockinglayer may include the materials as described above.

[p-Dopant]

The hole transport region may further include, in addition to thesematerials, a charge-generation material for the improvement ofconductive properties. The charge-generation material may behomogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the hole transportregion.

The charge-generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

In one embodiment, the p-dopant may have a lowest unoccupied molecularorbital (LUMO) energy level (eV) of −3.5 eV or less.

The p-dopant may include at least one selected from a quinonederivative, a metal oxide, and a cyano group-containing compound, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the p-dopant may include at least one selected from:

a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ);

a metal oxide, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide;

1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN); and

a compound represented by Formula 221,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formula 221,

R₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein at least one ofR₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ may have at least one substituent selected from a cyanogroup, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —F, aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —C, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substitutedwith —Br, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —I.

[Emission Layer in Organic Layer 150]

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer,according to a sub-pixel. In one or more embodiments, the emission layermay have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from a redemission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer, inwhich the two or more layers contact each other or are separated fromeach other. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may includetwo or more materials selected from a red light-emitting material, agreen light-emitting material, and a blue light-emitting material, inwhich the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a singlelayer to emit white light.

The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant mayinclude at least one selected from a phosphorescent dopant and afluorescent dopant.

An amount of the dopant may be conventionally in a range of about 0.01parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weightof the host, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

A thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 Å toabout 1,000 Å, for example, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When thethickness of the emission layer is within this range, excellentlight-emission characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

[Host in Emission Layer]

In one or more embodiments, the host may include a compound representedby Formula 301 below.[Ar₃₀₁]_(xb11)-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb21).  <Formula 301>

In Formula 301,

Ar₃₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁—C heterocyclic group,

xb11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

L₃₀₁ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

xb1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

R₃₀₁ may be selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃), —N(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),—B(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),

xb21 may be an integer from 1 to 5, and

Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, Ar₃₀₁ in Formula 301 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup; and

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, a naphthyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group. However, embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

When xb11 in Formula 301 is two or more, two or more Ar301(s) may belinked via a single bond.

In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 301 maybe represented by Formula 301-1 or 301-2:

In Formulae 301-1 and 301-2,

A₃₀₁ to A₃₀₄ may each independently be selected from a benzene, anaphthalene, a phenanthrene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, achrysene, a pyridine, a pyrimidine, an indene, a fluorene, aspiro-bifluorene, a benzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, an indole, acarbazole, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, a furan, a benzofuran, adibenzofuran, a naphthofuran, a benzonaphthofuran, dinaphthofuran, athiophene, a benzothiophene, a dibenzothiophene, a naphthothiophene, abenzonaphthothiophene group, and a dinaphthothiophene group,

X₃₀₁ may be O, S, or N-[(L₃₀₄)_(xb4)-R₃₀₄],

R₃₁₁ to R₃₁₄ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),

xb22 and xb23 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

L₃₀₁, xb1, R₃₀₁, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are the same as described above,

L₃₀₂ to L₃₀₄ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with L₃₀₁,

Xb2 to xb4 may each independently be the same as described in connectionwith xb1, and

R₃₀₂ to R₃₀₄ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with R₃₀₁.

For example, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, L₃₀₁ to L₃₀₄ may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, an azacarbazolyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are the same as described above.

In one embodiment, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, R₃₀₁ to R₃₀₄ mayeach independently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ and Q₃₃ are the same as described above.

In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metalcomplex. For example, the host may be selected from a Be complex (forexample, Compound H55), a Mg complex, and a Zn complex.

The host may include at least one selected from9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN),2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN),9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene (TBADN),4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene(mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), and Compounds H1 to H55,but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[Phosphorescent Dopant Included in Emission Layer in Organic Layer 150]

The phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic complexrepresented by Formula 401 below:M(L₄₀₁)_(xc1)(L₄₀₂)_(xc2)  <Formula 401>

In Formulae 401 and 402,

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd),osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu),terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm),

L₄₀₁ may be selected from ligands represented by Formula 402, and xc1may be 1, 2, or 3, wherein, when xc1 is two or more, two or more L₄₀₁(s)may be identical to or different from each other,

L₄₀₂ may be an organic ligand, and xc2 may be an integer from 0 to 4,wherein, when xc2 is two or more, two or more L₄₀₂(s) may be identicalto or different from each other,

X₄₀₁ to X₄₀₄ may each independently be nitrogen or carbon,

X₄₀₁ and X₄₀₃ may be linked via a single bond or a double bond, and X₄₀₂and X₄₀₄ may be linked via a single bond or a double bond,

A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may each independently be selected from a C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group or a C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

X₄₀₅ may be a single bond, *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—C(═O)—*′, *—N(Q₄₁₁)-*′,*—C(Q₄₁₁)(Q₄₁₂)-*′, *—C(Q₄₁₁)=C(Q₄₁₂)*′, *—C(Q₄₁₁)=*′, or *═C(Q₄₁₁)=*′,wherein Q₄₁₁ and Q₄₁₂ may be hydrogen, deuterium, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group,

X₄₀₆ may be a single bond, O, or S,

R₄₀₁ and R₄₀₂ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂)(Q₄₀₃), —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂),—B(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₄₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₄₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂),wherein Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, and a C₁-C₂₀heteroaryl group,

xc11 and xc12 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10, and

in Formula 402, * and *′ each indicate a binding site to M of Formula401.

In one embodiment, in Formula 402, A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may each independentlybe selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group,a spiro-bifluorene group, an indene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophenegroup, a furan group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazolegroup, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, apyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazinegroup, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group,a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a carbazole group, abenzimidazole group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, anisobenzothiophene group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, atriazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazinegroup, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 402, i) X₄₀₁ may be nitrogen, andX₄₀₂ may be carbon, or ii) X₄₀₁ and X₄₀₂ may each be nitrogen at thesame time.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 402, R₄₀₁ and R₄₀₂ may eachindependently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, and a norbornenyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

—Si(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂)(Q₄₀₃), —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —B(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₄₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₄₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), and

Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and anaphthyl group, but are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, when xc1 in Formula 401 is two or more, twoA₄₀₁(s) in two or more L₄₀₁(s) may optionally be linked via X₄₀₇, whichis a linking group, or two A₄₀₂(s) in two or more L₄₀₁(s) may optionallybe linked via X₄₀₈, which is a linking group (see Compounds PD1 to PD4and PD7). X₄₀₇ and X₄₀₈ may each independently be a single bond, *—O—*′,*—S—*′, *—C(═O)*′, *—N(Q₄₁₃)*′, *—C(Q₄₁₃)(Q₄₁₄)-*′, or*—C(Q₄₁₃)=C(Q₄₁₄)-*′ (wherein Q₄₁₃ and Q₄₁₄ may each independently behydrogen, deuterium, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group),but are not limited thereto.

L₄₀₂ in Formula 401 may be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organicligand. For example, L₄₀₂ may be selected from halogen, diketone (forexample, acetylacetonate), carboxylic acid (for example, picolinate),—C(═O), isonitrile, —CN, and phosphorus (for example, phosphine, orphosphite), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may be selectedfrom, for example, Compounds PD1 to PD25, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

[Fluorescent Dopant in Emission Layer]

The fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or astyrylamine compound.

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 501below.

In Formula 501,

Ar₅₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xd1 to xd3 may each independently be an integer of 0 to 3;

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,and

xd4 may be an integer of 1 to 6.

In one embodiment, Ar₅₀₁ in Formula 501 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrenegroup; and

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, L501 to L503 in Formula 501 may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 501, R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and anaphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2, but embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from Compounds FD1to FD22:

In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected fromthe following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto.

[Electron Transport Region in Organic Layer 150]

The electron transport region may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The electron transport region may include at least one selected from abuffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, anelectron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the electron transport region may have an electrontransport layer/electron injection layer structure, a hole blockinglayer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, anelectron control layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layerstructure, or a buffer layer/electron transport layer/electron injectionlayer structure, wherein for each structure, constituting layers aresequentially stacked from an emission layer. However, embodiments of thestructure of the electron transport region are not limited thereto.

The electron transport region (for example, a buffer layer, a holeblocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transportlayer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-freecompound containing at least one π electron-depleted nitrogen-containingring.

The “π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring” indicates a C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group having at least one *—N═*′ moiety as a ring-formingmoiety.

For example, the “π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring” may bei) a 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one*—N═*′ moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups each having at leastone *—N═*′ moiety are condensed with each other, or iii) aheteropolycyclic group in which at least one of 5-membered to 7-memberedheteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *—N═*′ moiety, iscondensed with at least one C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group.

Examples of the π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring include animidazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, an isothiazole, an oxazole, anisoxazole, a pyridine, a pyrazine, a pyrimidine, a pyridazine, anindazole, a purine, a quinoline, an isoquinoline, a benzoquinoline, aphthalazine, a naphthyridine, a quinoxaline, a quinazoline, a cinnoline,a phenanthridine, an acridine, a phenanthroline, a phenazine, abenzimidazole, an isobenzothiazole, a benzoxazole, an isobenzoxazole, atriazole, a tetrazole, an oxadiazole, a triazine, a thiadiazole, animidazopyridine, an imidazopyrimidine, and an azacarbazole, but are notlimited thereto.

The electron transport region may include a condensed cyclic compoundrepresented by Formula 1.

For example, the electron transport region may further include, inaddition to the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1, acompound represented by Formula 601.[Ar₆₀₁]_(xe11)-[(L₆₀₁)_(xe1)-R₆₀₁]_(xe21).  <Formula 601>

In Formula 601,

Ar₆₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

xe11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

L₆₀₁ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

xe1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

R₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂)(Q₆₀₃), —C(═O)(Q₆₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂),

Q₆₀₁ to Q₆₀₃ may each independently be a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or anaphthyl group, and

xe21 may be an integer from 1 to 5.

In one embodiment, at least one of Ar₆₀₁(s) in the number of xe11 and/orat least one of R₆₀₁(s) in the number of xe21 may include the πelectron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring.

In one embodiment, ring Ar₆₀₁ in Formula 601 may be selected from:

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an iso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group; and

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an iso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group,—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

When xe11 in Formula 601 is two or more, two or more Ar₆₀₁(s) may belinked via a single bond.

In one or more embodiments, Ar₆₀₁ in Formula 601 may be an anthracenegroup.

In one or more embodiments, a compound represented by Formula 601 may berepresented by Formula 601-1:

In Formula 601-1,

X₆₁₄ may be N or C(R₆₁₄), X₆₁₅ may be N or C(R₆₁₅), X₆₁₆ may be N orC(R₆₁₆), and at least one selected from X₆₁₄ to X₆₁₆ may be N,

L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with L₆₀₁,

xe611 to xe613 may each independently be the same as described inconnection with xe1,

R₆₁₁ to R₆₁₃ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with R₆₀₁, and

R₆₁₄ to R₆₁₆ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In one embodiment, L₆₀₁ and L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ in Formulae 601 and 601-1 mayeach independently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, and an azacarbazolyl group, but are not limited thereto,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae 601 and 601-1, xe1 and xe611 toxe613 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae 601 and 601-1, R₆₀₁ and R₆₁₁ toR₆₁₃ may each independently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group; and

—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂), and

Q₆₀₁ and Q₆₀₂ are the same as described above.

The electron transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds ET1 to ET36, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto:

In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include atleast one compound selected from2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP),4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq,3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(TAZ), and NTAZ:

The thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or theelectron controlling layer may each independently be in a range of about20 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When thethicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and theelectron control layer are within these ranges, the electron blockinglayer may have excellent electron blocking characteristics or electroncontrol characteristics without a substantial increase in drivingvoltage.

A thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of about100 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. Whenthe thickness of the electron transport layer is within the rangedescribed above, the electron transport layer may have satisfactoryelectron transport characteristics without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

The electron transport region (for example, the electron transport layerin the electron transport region) may further include, in addition tothe materials described above, a metal-containing material.

The metal-containing material may include at least one selected fromalkali metal complex and alkaline earth-metal complex. The alkali metalcomplex may include a metal ion selected from a Li ion, a Na ion, a Kion, a Rb ion, and a Cs ion, and the alkaline earth-metal complex mayinclude a metal ion selected from a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Srion, and a Ba ion. A ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkalimetal complex or the alkaline earth-metal complex may be selected from ahydroxy quinoline, a hydroxy isoquinoline, a hydroxy benzoquinoline, ahydroxy acridine, a hydroxy phenanthridine, a hydroxy phenyloxazole, ahydroxy phenylthiazole, a hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, a hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, a hydroxy phenylpyridine, a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, aphenanthroline, and a cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. TheLi complex may include, for example, Compound ET-D1 (lithium quinolate,LiQ) or ET-D2:

The electron transport region may include an electron injection layerthat facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 190.The electron injection layer may directly contact the second electrode190.

The electron injection layer may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkalineearth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metalcomplex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, orany combinations thereof.

The alkali metal may be selected from Li, a Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In oneembodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, a Na, or Cs. In one or moreembodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth-metal compound, and therare earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (forexample, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, or iodides) of the alkalimetal, the alkaline earth-metal, and the rare earth metal.

The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides, suchas Li2O, Cs2O, or K₂O, and alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF,KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI. In one embodiment, the alkali metal compoundmay be selected from LiF, Li₂O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth-metal compound may be selected from alkalineearth-metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba_(x)Sr_(1-x)O (0<x<1), orBa_(x)Ca_(1-x)O (0<x<1). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth-metalcompound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited thereto.

The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF₃, ScF₃, ScO₃,Y₂O₃, Ce₂O₃, GdF₃, and TbF₃. In one embodiment, the rare earth metalcompound may be selected from YbF₃, ScF₃, TbF₃, Yb₃, Scl₃, and Tbl₃, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth-metal complex, and the rareearth metal complex may include an ion of alkali metal, alkalineearth-metal, and rare earth metal as described above, and a ligandcoordinated with a metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkalineearth-metal complex, or the rare earth metal complex may be selectedfrom hydroxy quinoline, hydroxy isoquinoline, hydroxy benzoquinoline,hydroxy acridine, hydroxy phenanthridine, hydroxy phenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, hydroxy diphenylthiadiazole,hydroxy phenylpyridine, hydroxy phenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene,but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The electron injection layer may consist of an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkalineearth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metalcomplex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, orany combinations thereof, as described above. In one or moreembodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organicmaterial. When the electron injection layer further includes an organicmaterial, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal,an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earthmetal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metalcomplex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof may behomogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in a matrix including theorganic material.

A thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of about 1Å to about 100 Å, for example, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When thethickness of the electron injection layer is within the range describedabove, the electron injection layer may have satisfactory electroninjection characteristics without a substantial increase in drivingvoltage.

[Second Electrode 190]

The second electrode 190 may be disposed on the organic layer 150 havingsuch a structure. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode that is anelectron injection electrode, and in this regard, a material for formingthe second electrode 190 may be a material having a low work function,and such a material may be metal, alloy, an electrically conductivecompound, or a combination thereof.

The second electrode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium(Li), silver (Si), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium(Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver(Mg—Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto. The second electrode 190 may be a transmissiveelectrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

The second electrode 190 may have a single-layered structure, or amulti-layered structure including two or more layers.

[Description of FIGS. 2 to 4]

An organic light-emitting device 20 of FIG. 2 includes a first cappinglayer 210, a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a secondelectrode 190 which are sequentially stacked in this stated order, anorganic light-emitting device 30 of FIG. 3 includes a first electrode110, an organic layer 150, a second electrode 190, and a second cappinglayer 220 which are sequentially stacked in this stated order, and anorganic light-emitting device 40 of FIG. 4 includes a first cappinglayer 210, a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, a secondelectrode 190, and a second capping layer 220.

Regarding FIGS. 2 to 4, the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150,and the second electrode 190 may be understood by referring to thedescription presented in connection with FIG. 1.

In the organic layer 150 of each of the organic light-emitting devices20 and 40, light generated in an emission layer may pass through thefirst electrode 110, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or atransmissive electrode, and the first capping layer 210 toward theoutside, and in the organic layer 150 of each of the organiclight-emitting devices 30 and 40, light generated in an emission layermay pass through the second electrode 190, which is a semi-transmissiveelectrode or a transmissive electrode, and the second capping layer 220toward the outside.

The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 mayincrease external luminescent efficiency according to the principle ofconstructive interference.

The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may eachindependently be an organic capping layer including an organic material,an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or acomposite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganicmaterial.

At least one selected from the first capping layer 210 and the secondcapping layer 220 may each independently include at least one materialselected from carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, amine-basedcompounds, porphyrine derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, anaphthalocyanine derivatives, alkali metal complexes, and alkalineearth-based complexes. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocycliccompound, and the amine-based compound may be optionally substitutedwith a substituent containing at least one element selected from O, N,S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, and I.

In one embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include anamine-based compound.

In one embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include thecompound represented by Formula 201 or the compound represented byFormula 202.

In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from the first cappinglayer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independentlyinclude a compound selected from Compounds HT28 to HT33 and CompoundsCP1 to CP5, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto:

Hereinbefore, the organic light-emitting device according to anembodiment has been described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4. However,embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

Layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer, andlayers constituting the electron transport region may be formed in acertain region by using one or more suitable methods selected fromvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)deposition, ink-jet printing, laser-printing, and laser-induced thermalimaging.

Each of the layers constituting the hole transport region, the emissionlayer, and each of the layers constituting the electron transport regionare formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition conditions may varyaccording to a compound that is used to form the hole injection layer,and the structure and thermal characteristics of the hole injectionlayer. For example, the deposition conditions may include a depositiontemperature of about 100° C. to about 500° C., a vacuum pressure ofabout 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr, and a deposition rate of about 0.01Å/sec to about 0 Å/sec.

When layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer,and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed by spincoating, the spin coating may be performed at a coating speed of about2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperature ofabout 80° C. to about 200° C., depending on a material to be included ina layer and the structure of each layer to be formed.

[General Definition of Substituents]

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group” as used herein refers to a linear orbranched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include a methyl group,an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, atert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, and a hexyl group.The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalentgroup having the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group” as used herein refers to a hydrocarbongroup formed by substituting at least one carbon-carbon double bond inthe middle or at the terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group, andnon-limiting examples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenylgroup, and a butenyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group” as usedherein refers to a divalent group having the same structure as theC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group” as used herein refers to a hydrocarbongroup formed by substituting at least one carbon-carbon triple bond inthe middle or at the terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group, andnon-limiting examples thereof include an ethynyl group, and a propynylgroup. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylene group” as used herein refers to adivalent group having the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup represented by —OA₁₀₁ (wherein A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group),and non-limiting examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxygroup, and an isopropyloxy group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentsaturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, andnon-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group.The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to adivalent group having the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent saturated monocyclic group having at least one heteroatomselected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include a1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, atetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group”as used herein refers to a divalent group having the same structure asthe C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at leastone carbon-carbon double bond in the ring thereof and no aromaticity,and non-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. The term “C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingthe same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms,and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring. Non-limitingexamples of the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl group, a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group, anda 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup” as used herein refers to a divalent group having the samestructure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, andthe term “C₆-C₆₀ arylene group” as used herein refers to a divalentgroup having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.Non-limiting examples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenylgroup, and a chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and the C₆-C₆₀arylene group each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused toeach other.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup having a heterocyclic aromatic system that has at least oneheteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, inaddition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group”as used herein refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromaticsystem that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and Sas a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms.Non-limiting examples of the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group include a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. Whenthe C1-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and the C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group eachinclude two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group” as used herein refers to —OA₁₀₂ (whereinA₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group used hereinindicates —SA₁₀₃ (wherein A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as usedherein refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 8 to 60 carbonatoms) having two or more rings condensed with each other, only carbonatoms as ring-forming atoms, and no aromaticity in its entire molecularstructure. A detailed example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group is a fluorenyl group. The term “divalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” asused herein refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 1 to 60carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed to each other, at leastone heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S, other than carbonatoms, as a ring-forming atom, and no aromaticity in its entiremolecular structure. An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is a carbazolyl group. The term “divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” as used herein refers toa divalent group having the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term “C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group” as used herein refers to amonocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms in which aring-forming atom is a carbon atom only. The C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic groupmay be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclicgroup. The C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group may be a ring, such as benzene, amonovalent group, such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group, such as aphenylene group. In one or more embodiments, depending on the number ofsubstituents connected to the C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a quadrivalent group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group” as used herein refers to a grouphaving the same structure as the C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, except thatas a ring-forming atom, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si,P, and S is used in addition to carbon (the number of carbon atoms maybe in a range of 1 to 60).

At least one substituent of the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocycloalkylene group,the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, thesubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selectedfrom:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), and —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),—N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), and—P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); and

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently beselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

The term “Ph”, as used herein, may refer to a phenyl group; the term“Me”, as used herein, may refer to a methyl group; the term “Et”, asused herein, may refer to an ethyl group; the terms “ter-Bu” or“Bu^(t)”, as used herein, may refer to a tert-butyl group; and the term“OMe” as used herein may refer to a methoxy group.

The term “biphenyl group” as used herein refers to “a phenyl groupsubstituted with a phenyl group.” In other words, the “biphenyl group”is a substituted phenyl group having a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group as asubstituent.

The term “terphenyl group” as used herein refers to “a phenyl groupsubstituted with a biphenyl group.” In other words, the “terphenylgroup” is a phenyl group having, as a substituent, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl groupsubstituted with a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group.

* and *′ used herein, unless defined otherwise, each refer to a bindingsite to a neighboring atom in a corresponding formula.

Hereinafter, a compound according to embodiments and an organiclight-emitting device according to embodiments will be described indetail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples. The wording “Bwas used instead of A” used in describing Synthesis Examples refers tothat an identical molar equivalent of B was used in place of A.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 2

Synthesis of Intermediate 2-1

2 g (10 mmol) of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline, 1.73 g (10 mmol) of4-bromophenol, and 1.33 g (10 mmol) of AlCl₃ were dissolved in 200 mL ofethyl estate (EA) and stirred at a temperature of 80° C. for 3 hours.The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, and 1.33 g (10mmol) of AlCl₃ was added thereto. Then, the reaction product was stirredat a temperature of 80° C. for 3 hours. After the reaction wascompleted, a precipitated solid was filtered under reduced pressure toobtain 2.1 g (yield: 70%) of Intermediate 2-1.

Synthesis of Compound 2

3 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate 2-1, 3.81 g (10 mmol) of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile,0.58 g (0.5 mmol) of Pd(PPh₃)₄, and 4.15 g (30 mmol) of K₂CO₃ weredissolved in 150 mL of a mixed solution of THF/H₂O (2/1) and stirred ata temperature of 80° C. for 16 hours. The reaction solution was cooledto room temperature, and an organic layer was extracted therefrom threetimes by using 60 mL of water and 60 mL of diethylether. The extractedorganic layer was dried by using magnesium sulfate, and a solvent wasevaporated therefrom. Then, a residue obtained therefrom was separatedand purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 3.3 g (yield:70%) of Compound 2. The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹HNMR. C₃₃H₁₉N₃O: M+1 473.52.

Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 9

Synthesis of Compound 9

3.7 g (yield: 70%) of Compound 9 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 2, except that2,4-diphenyl-6-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-1,3,5-triazinewas used instead of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₃₅H₂₁N₅O: M+1527.57.

Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 15

Synthesis of Compound 15

3.15 g (yield: 60%) of Compound 15 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 2, except that2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolinewas used instead of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₃H₂₀N₄O: M+1524.56.

Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 22

Synthesis of Compound 22

4.11 g (yield: 75%) of Compound 22 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 2, except that4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(10-phenylanthracen-9-yl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolanewas used instead of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₄H₂₄N₂O: M+1548.63.

Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 26

Synthesis of Compound 26

2.77 g (yield: 60%) of Compound 26 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 2, except that9-phenyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9H-carbazolewas used instead of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₄₀H₂₄N₂O: M+1461.51.

Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 40

Synthesis of Intermediate 40-1

2.44 g (yield: 70%) of Intermediate 40-1 was obtained in the same manneras in Synthesis of Intermediate 2-1, except that 6-bromo-2-naphthol wasused instead of 4-bromophenol.

Synthesis of Compound 40

3.23 g (yield: 60%) of Compound 40 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 2, except that Intermediate 40-1 was used insteadof Intermediate 2-1, and8-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-2-carbonitrilewas used instead of4″-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-4-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₃₇H₁₉N₃O₂:M+1 537.57.

Synthesis Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 41

Synthesis of Compound 41

4.04 g (yield: 70%) of Compound 41 was obtained in the same manner as inSynthesis of Compound 40, except that2,4-diphenyl-6-(3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-1,3,5-triazinewas used instead of8-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-2-carbonitrile.The obtained compound was identified by LC-MS and ¹H NMR. C₃₉H₂₃N₅O: M+1577.63.

Synthesis methods of compounds other than Compounds synthesized inSynthesis Examples 1 to 7 may also be easily recognized by those ofordinary skill in the art by referring to the synthesis mechanisms andsource materials described above.

HR-EIMS Compound ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 500 MHz) found calc. 2 7.65-7.67 (2H,m), 8.11-8.15 (5H, m), 8.19-8.23 473.52 473.54 (1H, m), 8.33-8.35 (2H,m), 8.36-8.53 (6H, m), 8.82-8.90 (2H, m), 8.93-8.96 (1H, m) 9 7.77-7.88(6H, m), 8.22-8.24 (1H, m), 8.32-8.35 527.57 527.59 (1H, m), 8.40-8.49(6H, m), 8.52-8.55 (2H, m), 8.82-8.86 (2H, m), 8.86-8.97 (3H, m) 158.31-8.35 (1H, m), 8.49-8.54 (2H, m), 8.63-8.67 524.56 524.58 (1H, m),8.72-8.75 (1H, m), 8.77-8.86 (4H, m), 8.83-8.86 (1H, m), 8.91-9.00 (3H,m), 9.06-9.18 (5H, m), 9.34-9.43 (2H, m), 22 7.66-7.82 (3H, m),7.93-7.99 (2H, m), 8.01-8.06 548.63 548.65 (2H, m), 8.13-8.18 (2H, m),8.19-8.23 (1H, m), 8.64-8.73 (6H, m), 8.76-8.79 (2H, m), 8.89-8.93 (1H,m), 9.03-9.15 (3H, m), 9.34-9.38 (1H, m), 9.39-9.42 (1H, m) 26 7.53-7.86(1H, m), 7.63-7.83 (5H, m), 7.93-7.97 461.51 461.52 (2H, m), 8.10-8.25(4H, m), 8.36-8.41 (1H, m), 8.42-8.51 (2H, m) 8.61-8.74 (4H, m) 407.92-7.96 (1H, m), 8.07-8.11 (1H, m), 8.16-8.20 537.57 537.58 (1H, m),8.32-8.41 (4H, m), 8.48-8.52 (1H, m), 8.57-8.62 (3H, m), 8.72-8.79 (2H,m), 8.81-8.88 (2H, m), 8.90-8.93 (1H, m), 8.96-9.01 (1H, m), 9.05-9.09(1H, m), 9.31-9.34 (1H, m) 41 7.80-7.93 (6H, m), 8.00-8.05 (1H, m),8.34-8.41 577.63 577.65 (5H, m), 8.67-8.71 (1H, m), 8.85-8.92 (2H, m),9.00-9.20 (6H, m), 9.34-9.38 (1H, m), 9.41-9.46 (1H, m)

EXAMPLE Example 1

As an anode, an ITO substrate, on which ITO/Ag/ITO were deposited tothicknesses of 70 Å/1,000 Å/70 Å, was cut to a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5mm, sonicated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water each for 5 minutes,and cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes.Then, the ITO substrate was provided to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

N-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluoren-2-amine(Compound301) and F4-TCNQ were vacuum-deposited on the ITO substrate at a weightratio of 98:2 to form a hole injection layer having a thickness of 100Å, Compound 301 was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to forma first hole transport layer having a thickness of 1,200 Å, andN,N-di([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-4′-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-amine(CompoundHA) was vacuum-deposited on the first hole transport layer to form asecond hole transport layer having a thickness of 100 Å.9,10-di-naphthalene-2-yl-anthracene (ADN), which is a known bluefluorescent host, and N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-pyrene-1,6-diamine (TPD),which is a blue fluorescent dopant, were co-deposited on the second holetransport layer at a weight ratio of 98:2 to form an emission layerhaving a thickness of 300 Å. Compound 2 and LiQ were co-deposited on theemission layer at a ratio of 5:5 to form an electron transport layerhaving a thickness of 300 Å. LiF, which is an alkali metal halide, wasdeposited on the electron transport layer to form an electron injectionlayer having a thickness of 10 Å, and then, MgAg was vacuum-deposited onthe electron injection layer at a weight ratio of 90:10 to form acathode having a thickness of 120 Å, thereby completing the manufactureof an organic light-emitting device.

Examples 2 to 7

Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same manner asin Example 1, except that Compounds shown in Table 1 were each usedinstead of Compound 2 in forming an electron transport layer.

Comparative Example 1

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner asin Example 1, except that2-(4-(9,10-di(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracen-2-yl)phenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(Compound A), which is a known electron transport compound, was usedinstead of Compound 2 in forming an electron transport layer.

Comparative Example 2

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner asin Example 1, except that Compound 305 was used instead of Compound 2 informing an electron transport layer.

The device performance (driving voltage, luminance, efficiency, andcolor coordinates) at a current density of 10 mA/cm² and the lifespan(T₉₇) at current density of 1.0 mA/cm² in the organic light-emittingdevices were measured, and results thereof are shown in Table 1. Thelifespan(T₉₇) indicates an amount of time that lapsed when luminance was97% of initial luminance (100%).

TABLE 1 Electron Driving Color Lifespan transport voltage Efficiencycoordinates (T₉₇) material (V) (cd/A) CIE(x, y) (@1.0 mA/cm²) Example 1Compound 2 3.80 5.54 0.140, 0.055 145 Example 2 Compound 9 3.78 5.700.141, 0.056 118 Example 3 Compound 15 3.82 5.88 0.141, 0.055 142Example 4 Compound 22 3.87 5.46 0.140, 0.057 138 Example 5 Compound 264.0 5.25 0.142, 0.058 158 Example 6 Compound 40 3.79 5.54 0.141, 0.054129 Example 7 Compound 41 3.84 5.49 0.141, 0.055 135 ComparativeCompound A 4.8 4.62 0.141, 0.053 77 Example 1 Comparative Compound 4.24.87 0.142, 0.055 95 Example 2 305

Referring to Table 1, it is confirmed that the organic light-emittingdevices of Examples 1 to 7 have a low driving voltage and highefficiency, as compared with those of the organic light-emitting devicesof Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In particular, it is confirmed that thelifespans (T₉₇) of the organic light-emitting devices are significantlyimproved.

According to one or more embodiments, an organic light-emitting deviceincluding the condensed cyclic compound may have a low driving voltage,high efficiency, and a long lifespan.

It should be understood that embodiments described herein should beconsidered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodimentshould typically be considered as available for other similar featuresor aspects in other embodiments.

While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to thefigures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the artthat various changes in form and details may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1),  <Formula 2> wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, A₁ isselected from a naphthalene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group,a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a quinolinegroup, an isoquinoline group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxalinegroup, a quinazoline group, and a cinnoline group, X₁ is O or S, L₁ isselected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′ *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, and*—S(═O)₂—*′, a1 is an integer from 0 to 5, wherein, when a1 is zero,-(L₁)_(a1)- is a single bond, and when a1 is two or more, two or moreL₁(s) are identical to or different from each other, Ar₁ is selectedfrom a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁),—N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁),—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂), b1 is an integer from 1 to 10,wherein, when b1 is two or more, two or more Ar₁(s) are identical to ordifferent from each other, R₁ and R₂ are each independently selectedfrom a group represented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and—S(═O)₂(Q₁)(Q₂), at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1 and R₂(s) inthe number of c2 is a group represented by Formula 2, c1 is an integerfrom 1 to 6, wherein, when c1 is two or more, two or more R₁(s) areidentical to or different from each other, c2 is an integer from 1 to 4,wherein, when c2 is two or more, two or more R₂(s) are identical to ordifferent from each other, at least one substituent of the substitutedC₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ alkoxygroup, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is selectedfrom: deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, anda C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂),—B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), and —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂); a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazonogroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₁-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃), —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂),—B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), and —P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, andQ₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclicgroup, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, and * and *′ eachindicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 2. The condensed cycliccompound of claim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from: a benzene group, apentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group,a heptalene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, afluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, adibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, ananthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrenegroup, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacene group, a pyrrole group, animidazole group, a pyrazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an iso-indole group, an indolegroup, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, anisoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, anaphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, acinnoline group, a carbazole group, a phenanthridine group, an acridinegroup, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzoxazole group, abenzimidazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, a thiophenegroup, a benzothiophene group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, abenzothiazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazolegroup, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, abenzoxazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, abenzocarbazole group, and a dibenzocarbazole group; a benzene group, apentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group,a heptalene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, afluorene group, a spiro-fluorene group, a benzofluorene group, adibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, ananthracene group, a fluoranthlene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrenegroup, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacene group, a pyrrole group, animidazole group, a pyrazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an iso-indole group, an indolegroup, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, anisoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, anaphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, acinnoline group, a carbazole group, a phenanthridine group, an acridinegroup, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzoxazole group, abenzimidazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, a thiophenegroup, a benzothiophene group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, abenzothiazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazolegroup, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, abenzoxazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, abenzocarbazole group, and a dibenzocarbazole group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═S)₂—*′, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, and *—S(═O)₂—*′, Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and * and *′ each indicate a bindingsite to a neighboring atom.
 3. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein L₁ is selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-48,*—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═S)₂—*′,*—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, and *—S(═O)₂—*′:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-48, Y₁ is O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), orSi(Z₆)(Z₇), Z₁ to Z₇ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), d2 is an integer from 0to 2, wherein, when d2 is two or more, two or more Z₁(s) are identicalto or different from each other, d3 is an integer from 0 to 3, wherein,when d3 is two or more, two or more Z₁(s) are identical to or differentfrom each other, and two or more Z₂(s) are identical to or differentfrom each other, d4 is an integer from 0 to 4, wherein, when d4 is twoor more, two or more Z₁(s) are identical to or different from eachother, and two or more Z₂(s) are identical to or different from eachother, d5 is an integer from 0 to 5, wherein, when d5 is two or more,two or more Z₁(s) are identical to or different from each other, and twoor more Z₂(s) are identical to or different from each other, d6 is aninteger from 0 to 6, wherein, when d6 is two or more, two or more Z₁(s)are identical to or different from each other, d8 is an integer from 0to 8, wherein, when d8 is two or more, two or more Z₁(s) are identicalto or different from each other, Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, and * and *′ each indicate a binding site to aneighboring atom.
 4. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, whereinAr₁ is selected from: a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indenegroup, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, a heptalene group, anindacene group, an acenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacene group, a pyrrole group, an imidazolegroup, a pyrazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an iso-indole group, an indolegroup, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, anisoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, anaphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, acinnoline group, a carbazole group, a phenanthridine group, an acridinegroup, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzoxazole group, abenzimidazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, a thiophenegroup, a benzothiophene group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, abenzothiazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazolegroup, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, abenzoxazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, abenzocarbazole group, and a dibenzocarbazole group; a benzene group, apentalene group, an indene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group,a heptalene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, afluorene group, a spiro-fluorene group, a benzofluorene group, adibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, ananthracene group, a fluoranthlene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrenegroup, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacene group, a pyrrole group, animidazole group, a pyrazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an iso-indole group, an indolegroup, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, anisoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, anaphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, acinnoline group, a carbazole group, a phenanthridine group, an acridinegroup, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzoxazole group, abenzimidazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, a thiophenegroup, a benzothiophene group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, abenzothiazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxazole group, a triazolegroup, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, abenzoxazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, abenzocarbazole group, and a dibenzocarbazole group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group,—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂); and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═S)₂(Q₁),—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁), and Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group.
 5. The condensed cyclic compound ofclaim 1, wherein Ar₁ is selected from groups represented by Formulae 5-1to 5-36, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═S)₂(Q₁), —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —S(═O)₂(Q₁):

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-36, Y₃₁ is O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₉ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group,a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), andP(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, e2 is an integer from 0 to 2, wherein, when e2is two or more, two or more Z₃₁(s) are identical to or different fromeach other, and two or more Z₃₂(s) are identical to or different fromeach other, e3 is an integer from 0 to 3, wherein, when e3 is two ormore, two or more Z₃₁(s) are identical to or different from each other,two or more Z₃₂(s) are identical to or different from each other, andtwo or more Z₃₈(s) are identical to or different from each other, e4 isan integer from 0 to 4, wherein, when e4 is two or more, two or moreZ₃₁(s) are identical to or different from each other, two or more Z₃₂(s)are identical to or different from each other, and two or more Z₃₉(s)are identical to or different from each other, e5 is an integer from 0to 5, wherein, when e5 is two or more, two or more Z₃₁(s) are identicalto or different from each other, and two or more Z₃₂(s) are identical toor different from each other, e6 is an integer from 0 to 6, wherein,when e6 is two or more, two or more Z₃₁(s) are identical to or differentfrom each other, and two or more Z₃₂(s) are identical to or differentfrom each other, e7 is an integer from 0 to 7, wherein, when e7 is twoor more, two or more Z₃₁(s) are identical to or different from eachother, e9 is an integer from 0 to 9, wherein, when e9 is two or more,two or more Z₃₁(s) are identical to or different from each other, and *indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 6. The condensed cycliccompound of claim 1, wherein Ar₁ is selected from groups represented byFormulae 6-1 to 6-93, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), and —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂):

wherein, in Formulae 6-1 to 6-93, Ph indicates a phenyl group, Q₁ to Q₃each indicate a phenyl group, and * indicates a binding site to aneighboring atom.
 7. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, whereinR₁ and R₂ are each independently selected from a group represented byFormula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-fluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, and adibenzocarbazolyl group.
 8. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1 is a group representedby Formula 2; at least one of R₂(s) in the number of c2 is a grouprepresented by Formula 2; or at least one of R₁(s) in the number of c1and at least one of R₂(s) in the number of c2 are each a grouprepresented by Formula
 2. 9. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 isrepresented by one of Formulae 1-2 to 1-4:

wherein, in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4, X₁ is the same as described in claim 1,R₁₁ to R₁₆ are defined the same as R₁ of Formula 1, R₂₁ to R₂₄ aredefined the same as R₂ of Formula 1, and at least one of R₁₁ to R₁₆ andR₂₁ to R₂₄ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 is a group represented by Formula 2.10. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 9, wherein at least one ofR₁₁ to R₁₆ in Formulae 1-2 to 1-4 is a group represented by Formula 2.11. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 9, wherein i) R₁₄ in Formula1-2 to 1-4 is a group represented by Formula 2, or ii) R₁₁ and R₁₄ inFormulae 1-2 to 1-4 are each a group re resented by Formula
 2. 12. Acondensed cyclic compound that is one selected from Compounds 1, 2, 8 to25, and 29 to 66:


13. An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; asecond electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layerbetween the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein theorganic layer comprises an emission layer and at least one of thecondensed cyclic compound of claim
 1. 14. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 13, wherein the first electrode is an anode, the secondelectrode is a cathode, the organic layer further comprises a holetransport region between the first electrode and the emission layer andan electron transport region between the emission layer and the secondelectrode, the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, ahole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blockinglayer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport regioncomprises an emission auxiliary layer, a hole blocking layer, anelectron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or anycombination thereof.
 15. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14,wherein the electron transport region comprises the condensed cycliccompound.
 16. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein theelectron transport region comprises the electron transport layer and theelectron injection layer, and at least one of the electron transportlayer and the electron injection layer comprises the condensed cycliccompound.
 17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein theelectron transport region comprises the electron transport layer, andthe electron transport layer comprises the condensed cyclic compound.18. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein the electrontransport region further comprises a metal-containing material, and themetal-containing material comprises a Li complex.
 19. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 13, wherein the emission layer comprisesthe condensed cyclic compound.
 20. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 19, wherein the emission layer further comprises a dopant, anamount of the condensed cyclic compound in the emission layer is greaterthan an amount of the dopant, and the dopant is a phosphorescent dopantor a fluorescent dopant.